Function
- Check the stress distribution of plane-stress elements or plate elements in Contours.
Call
From the Main Menu select [Results] tab > [Type : Analysis Result] > [Result Display] group > [Stresses] > [Plane-Stress/Plate Stresses]
Input
Load Cases/Combinations
Select a desired load case, load combination or envelope case.
Click the ... Button to the right to enter new or modify existing load combinations. (Refer to "Load Cases / Combinations")
Step
Specify the step for which the analysis results are to be produced. The Step is defined in geometric nonlinear analysis as Load Step, and additional steps are defined in the construction stages of highrise buildings or heat of hydration analyses.
Note 1
The Construction Stage applicable for the output of the construction stage analysis is defined in Select Construction Stage for Display or Stage Toolbar.
Note 2
When pushover analysis is performed for a structure containing Plate, Plane Stress or Solid elements, the pushover analysis results for Plate, Plane Stress or Solid elements can be produced by Steps.
Stress Options
Define options necessary to draw the stresses.
Local : Display the stresses with respect to the element's local coordinate system.
UCS : Display the stresses with respect to User Coordinate System.
Element : Display the contour using the element stresses calculated at each node of the elements.
Avg. Nodal : Display the contour using the average nodal stresses of the contiguous elements sharing the common nodes.
Avg. Nodal Active Only : Execute Avg. Nodal for only currently active elements.
Top : Display stresses at the top side of plate elements. The top side refers to the upper extreme fiber in the element's local z-direction.
Bottom : Display stresses at the bottom side of plate elements. The bottom side refers to the lower extreme fiber in the element's local z-direction.
Both Sides : Display simultaneously stresses at the top and bottom sides considering the thickness of the plate elements. The stresses through the thickness of the plate elements are linearly interpolated.
Abs Max : Display only the maximum absolute values of the stresses at the top and bottom surfaces.
Components
Select the desired stress component among the following:
For UCS
Sig-XX : Axial stress in GCS X-direction
Sig-YY : Axial stress in GCS Y-direction
Sig-ZZ : Axial stress in GCS Z-direction
Sig-XY : Shear stress in GCS X-Y plane
Sig-YZ : Shear stress in GCS Y-Z plane
Sig-XZ : Shear stress in GCS X-Z plane
Sig-Max : Maximum Principal Stress
Sig-Min : Minimum Principal Stress
Sig-EFF : Effective stress (von-Mises Stress)
Max-Shear : Maximum shear stress (Tresca Stress)
For Local
Sig - xx : Axial stress in the element's local x-direction (Perpendicular to local y-z plane)
Sig - yy : Axial stress in the element's local y-direction (Perpendicular to local x-z plane)
Sig - xy : Shear stress in the element's local x - y plane (In-plane shear stress)
Vector : Display the maximum and minimum principal stresses in vectors
Vector Scale Factor : Drawing scale for the vector diagram
Type of Display
Define the type of display as follows :
Contour
Display the displacement of the model in contour.
The ...Button
Ranges: Define the contour ranges.
The Customize Range... Button : Assign the color distribution range of contour. Using the function, specific colors for specific ranges can be assigned.
Note
Contour Range Max/Min values can be larger than the max/min output values. If the Contour Range values exceed the output values, they are entered at Rank 0 and Rank 11.
Number of Colors : Assign the number of colors to be included in the contour (select among 6, 12, 18, 24 colors)
Colors : Assign or control the colors of the displacement contour.
Color Table : Assign the type of Colors.
The Customize Color Table Button : Control the colors by zones in the contour.
Reverse Contour : Check on to reverse the sequence of color variation in the contour.
Contour Line : Assign the boundary line color of the contour
Element Edge : Assign the color of element edges while displaying the contour
Contour Options : Specify options for contour representation
Contour Fill
Gradient Fill : Display color gradient (shading) in the contour.
Draw Contour Lines : Display color boundaries in the contour.
Draw Contour Line Only : Display only the colored boundaries of the contour.
Mono line : Display the boundaries of the contour in a mono color.
Contour Annotation : Legend or annotation signifying the ranges of the contour is displayed.
Spacing : Display the spacing for the legnd or annotation.
Coarse Contour (faster) (for large plate or solid model) : Represent a simplified contour for a large model using plate or solid elements in order to reduce the time required to represent a complete contour.
Extrude : Where plate elements or solid elements along a cutting plane are represented in contour, a three dimensional contour is created. The positive direction of the analysis results is oriented in the z-axis direction of the local element coordinate system.
The option is not concurrently applicable with the Deformed Shape option. Similarly, the option cannot be concurrently applied to the cases where the Hidden option is used to display plate element thicknesses or the Both option is used to represent Top & Bottom member forces (stresses).
Deform
Display the deformed shape of the model.
The ... Button
Deformation Scale Factor : Magnify or reduce the size of the displacement graphically displayed in the model window.
Deformation Type : Select the type of display for displacement
Nodal Deform : Display the deformed shape reflecting only the nodal displacements.
Real Deform : Display the detail deformed shape calculated along the sections between both ends of beam elements together with the nodal displacements.
Real Displacement (Auto-Scale off) : The true deformation of the structure is graphically represented without magnifying or reducing it. This option is typically used for geometric nonlinear analysis reflecting large displacement.
Relative Displacement : The deformation of the structure is graphically represented relative to the minimum nodal displacement, which is set to 0.
Values
Display the nodal displacements in numerical values.
The font and color of the numbers can be controlled in Display Option.
The ... Button
Decimal Points : Assign decimal points for the displayed numbers
Exp. : Express as exponential
Min & Max : Display the maximum and minimum values
Abs Max : Display the absolute maximum value
Max : Display only the maximum value
Min : Display only the minimum value
Limit Scale(%) : Set the screen display limit for nodal displacements relative to the selected maximum or minimum value
Set Orientation : Display orientation of numerical values
Note
The default Decimal Points can be controlled in "Preferences".
Set Orientation = 0 horizontally displays the numerical values to the right of nodes or elements.
The orientation angle represents the counter-clockwise direction, which may be used to enhance the readability of the numbers.
Legend
Display various references related to analysis results to the right or left of the working window.
The ... Button
Legend Position : Position of the legend in the display window
Rank Value Type : Specify a type of values in the Legend and the number of decimal points.
Animate
Dynamically simulate the transition process.
Click the Apply Button then click Record to the right of the Animation control board at the bottom of the working window.
The ... Button
Animation Mode : Determine the type of animation for analysis results.
Animate Contour : Option to change the color of the contour representing the transition according to the magnitudes of variation
Repeat Half/Full Cycle : Select the repetition cycle for the dynamic representation of the transition
Note
Select 'Half Cycle' for the transient shapes of a structure and 'Full Cycle' for dynamically simulating vibration modes or buckling modes.
AVI Options : Enter the options required to produce the animation window.
Bits per Pixel : Number of bits per pixel to create the default window for animation
The Compressor... Button : Assign the method of compressing image data
Frames per Half Cycle (3~300) : Number of frames to simulate a 'Half Cycle'
Frames per Second (5~60) : Number of frames per second to present dynamic simulation
Construction Stage Option : Select the animation options when the construction stage analysis is performed.
Stage Animation : Animations by construction stages
Current Stage-Step : Animations by Steps in the current construction stage
From ~ To : Starting and ending construction stages or steps for animations
Undeformed
Overlap the undeformed and deformed shapes of the model.
Mirrored
"Mirrored" allows the user to expand the analysis results obtained from a half or quarter model into the results for the full model by reflecting planes.
The ... Button
Half Model Mirroring
Quarter Model Mirroring
Mirror by : Specify the mirror plane (s) by designating a plane and a coordinate in the direction perpendicular to the plane in GCS.
Yield Point
If the analysis results produced by material nonlinear analysis exceed the yield stress of Plastic Material defined in Initial Uniaxial Yield Stress, Hinge is produced at Gauss Point.
Note 1
Yield Point is applicable in Plane Stress Elements and Plate Elements.
Note 2
For displaying Yield Points on a Plate Element, a Laminated Shell model with 7 layers has been used in order to consider material nonlinear analysis. To check the yield state of Gauss Points, "0.1" is applied from bottom to top. "0" represents the state of elasticity and "1" the state of yielding. For rectangular or triangular elements, the method of displaying "0.1" is identical.
Fig. Rectangular Element Fig. Triangular Element
Cutting Diagram
Graphically display the stresses of the plain-stress/plate elements along the cutting line or plane.
The ... Button
Click the ... Button to access the detail setting dialog box to define the cutting line or plate required to produce and view the element stresses.
Plate Cutting Diagram Mode
Cutting Line : Produce a graph along a cutting line
Defined Cutting Lines
List of defined cutting lines
The Add Button : Add the information contained in the Cutting Line Detail to the list of Defined Cutting Lines
The Del Button : Delete a defined Cutting Line
The Modify Button : Modify a defined Cutting Line
Cutting Line Detail
Define a Cutting Line.
Name : Name of a Cutting Line
Pnt1 : Start point of the Cutting Line
Pnt2 : End point of the Cutting Line
Options
Specify the display color and the plane on which the graph is produced
Normal : Display the graph in the normal direction of the elements' plane
In Plane : Display the graph in the in-plane direction of the elements' plane
Scale Factor : Scale factor for diagram output ratio
Reverse : Express the Diagram in the reverse direction.
Graph
Produce the output in a Graph Window ( valid only if 'Cutting lines' is selected).
The ... Button
Access the Plate Cutting Diagram Mode dialog box to determine the type of Graph Window.
Draw graphs on separate panes : Graphs pertaining to different Cutting Lines/Planes produced separately
Draw graphs on All in one pane : All the graphs pertaining to different Cutting Lines/Planes simultaneously produced in one graph
X-axis : Define the X-axis of the graph
Distance from Pnt1 : Distance from the first point
Global X coord.
Global Y coord.
Global Z coord.
Value Output : Produce the output in values.
MinMax Only : Show only the maximum and minimum values when Value Output is selected.
Cutting Plane : Produce a graph along the line of intersection of the cutting plane and plate elements
Named Planes for Cutting
Select a plane from the defined planes and UCS x-y, x-z & y-z planes
Plate Cutting Plane Detail
Normal to plate : Consider a Cutting Plane parallel to the Local Element Coordinate System z-axis of the elements' plane
On cutting plane surface : Consider a Cutting Plane as per a defined plane
Draw continuous lines : Display the graphs for plain-stress/plate elements placed on different planes in a continuous line.
Scale Factor : Scale factor for diagram output ratio
Reverse : Express the Diagram in the reverse direction.
Value Output : Produce the output in values.
MinMax Only : Show only the maximum and minimum values when Value Output is selected.
Value Option
Select an option to display the absolute maximum value or the center value when producing analysis results.
Max : Display the absolute maximum value among the plate element analysis results.
Element Center : Display the center value among the plate element analysis results.
Batch Output Generation
(,
)
Given the types of analysis results for Graphic outputs, generate consecutively graphic outputs for selected load cases and combinations. A total number of files equal to the products of the numbers of checked items in the three columns of the dialog box below are created.
: Assign a Base File Name under which the types of results (selection data in the Batch Output Generation dialog box for graphic outputs) are stored.
: Specify the Base Files to perform Batch Output Generation, construction stages, load cases (combinations), steps, etc. in the following dialog box.
Saved Menu-Bar Info's : Listed here are the Base Files. Select the Base File Names for Batch Output.
The Delete the selected Button : Delete all the Base Files selected with the mouse.
When the construction stage analysis is carried out, all the construction stages are listed. We simply select the stages of interests to be included in the batch output. If no construction stage analysis is performed, the column in the dialog box becomes inactive and lists load (combination) conditions.
Stages
The results output of all the construction stages are produced. The construction stages are listed below.
Final Stage Loads
The results output for only the Final Stage are produced. The construction stages are listed below. If no construction stage analysis is performed, the load (combination) conditions are listed.
Use Saved
Apply only the (saved) step or load (combination) condition selected at the time of creating each Base File.
Stage LCase/LComb
When the construction stage analysis is carried out, the auto-generated construction stage load conditions and the additionally entered construction stage load combinations are listed. Check on only the load (combination) conditions that will be used to produce batch outputs. This column becomes inactive if 'Final Stage Loads' is selected or no construction stage analysis is carried out.
Step Option
Specify the steps for which the outputs will be produced when the construction stage analysis or large displacement geometric nonlinear analysis is performed.
Saved Step : Use only the steps used for creating the Base Files
All Steps : Use all the steps
Output Options
Output File Type : Select a Graphic File type, either BMP or EMF.
Auto Description : At the top left of the Graphic Outputs produced in batch, auto-generate and include the notes such as the types and components of the analysis results, construction stages and steps, load (combination) conditions, etc. The font size, color, type, etc. can be changed upon clicking the ... button.
Output Path : Specify the path for saving the graphic files to be produced in batch.
File Prefix : Specify the prefix of the Graphic Files to be created. The filenames will be consisted of "Prefix"_"Base File Name"_"Load Comb.".bmp(emf) or "Prefix"_"Base File Name"_"Stage"_"Stage LCase"_"Step".bmp(emf).
The Make Output Button : Produce the specified batch Graphic Files reflecting the contents of the dialog box.
The Export Button / The Import Button
Produce the contents of data input in the Base Files and Batch Output Generation dialog box in a binary type file (fn.bog). Click the Import button and select a fn.bog to use the same output format.
Note
Import /Export is only meaningful for different projects. In a given structural model, the Base Files are automatically stored and listed.